People may say that they are feeling depressed when they are feeling down, but this does not always mean that they have depression. If a child is feeling low, let them know that everyone feels like this now and then and it’s ok. Let them know that they can talk to you and create time to listen. It can be helpful to help them to learn about low mood, what it is and how it works. How to start a conversation with children about mental health

What is depression?

Depression affects around 2.8% of children under the age of 13 and 5.6% of 13-18-year olds. An estimated 20% will have had one depressive episode before the age of 18.

Depression can affect different children in different ways. A child might feel any one or more of the following key symptoms:

• feeling sad or down, the feelings do not go away or may get worse
• feeling irritable
• not enjoying things they previously enjoyed

Additional symptoms:

• worried
• tearful
• moody
• bored
• tired most of the time
• unable to concentrate
• problems with sleep
• eating too much or not eating enough
• injuring or hurting oneself
• taking uncharacteristic risks and not keeping safe
• feeling that life is not worth living

Special characteristics in school age children:

• aches and pains
• not wanting to play
• not wanting to see family and friends
• lacking enjoyment
• being clingy and not wanting to separate
• extreme uncharacteristic irritability

Risk factors for developing depression:

• bullying and problems with peers
• being exposed to adversity including child abuse
• death of a parent, loved one or friend
• parents splitting up
• school problems
• moving away from home or country
• other members of the family being depressed
• having other illnesses

*The more risk factors the more likely it is that a child could become depressed.  However, support from a trusted adult can be a key protective factor.

Understanding & managing low mood and/or depression - YouTube